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The Cessna 190 and 195 Businessliner are a family of light single radial engine powered, conventional landing gear equipped, general aviation aircraft which were manufactured by Cessna between 1947 and 1954.〔Montgomery, MR & Gerald Foster: ''A Field Guide to Airplanes, Second Edition'', page 54. Houghton Mifflin Company, 1992. ISBN 0-395-62888-1〕 The 195 model was also used by the United States Air Force, Air National Guard and Army as a light transport and utility aircraft under the designation LC-126.〔 ==Development== The Cessna 190 and 195 were Cessna's only postwar radial-engined aircraft. The first prototype flew in 1945, after the end of World War II and both the 190 and 195 entered production in 1947.〔Plane and Pilot: ''1978 Aircraft Directory'', page 92. Werner & Werner Corp, Santa Monica CA, 1977. ISBN 0-918312-00-0〕 The 195 was the first Cessna airplane to be completely constructed of aluminum and features a cantilever wing, similar to the pre-war Cessna 165 from which it is derived. The wing differs from later Cessna light aircraft in that it has a straight taper from root chord to tip chord and no dihedral. The airfoil employed is a NACA 2412, the same as used on the later Cessna 150, 172 and 182.〔 The 190/195 fuselages are large in comparison to other Cessna models because the 42" diameter radial engine had to be accommodated upfront. There are two rows of seats: two individual seats in the first row, with a comfortable space between them and up to three passengers can be accommodated on a bench seat in the second row.〔 The 190/195 has flat sprung-steel landing gear legs derived from Cessna's purchase of the rights to Steve Wittman's Big X. Many have been equipped with swiveling crosswind landing gear which allows landing with up to 15 degrees of crab. While the crosswind gear simplifies the actual landing, it makes the aircraft difficult to handle on the ground. The 195 is equipped with a retractable step that extends when the cabin door is opened, although some have been modified to make the step a fixed unit.〔 The aircraft was expensive to purchase and operate for private use and Cessna therefore marketed them as mainly as a business aircraft under the name "Businessliner".〔 The engines fitted to the 190 and 195 became well known for their oil consumption. The aircraft has a oil tank, with the minimum for flight. Typical oil consumption with steel cylinder barrels is per hour.〔 A factory-produced floatplane version was equipped with a triple tail for improved lateral stability. The tail resembles that of the Lockheed Constellation.〔 The Cessna 195 produces a cruise true airspeed of (170 MPH) on a fuel consumption of per hour.〔 It can accommodate five people. Including the LC-126s, a total of 1180 190s and 195s were built.〔 The 190 was originally introduced at a price of USD$12,750 in 1947 (). When production ended in 1954 the price had risen to USD$24,700 () for the 195B. This compared to USD$3,495 for the Cessna 140 two seater of the same period.〔〔Christy. Joe: ''The Complete Guide to Single Engine Cessna, 3rd Edition'', page 12. Tab Books, 1979. ISBN 0-8306-2268-3〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cessna 195」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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